Gain Structure
Apply level references to the complete source, DSP, amplifier, and speaker-safety chain.
Audio Levels
Start With The Reference
Numbers that all contain “dB” can describe completely different things. A relative gain change, digital sample level, analog line voltage, and sound-pressure level cannot be compared until their references and measurement methods are named.
Connected Topics
Headroom
Describe the margin between an expected level and a named clean limit at a specific stage.
Program Levels
Keep sample peak, true peak, and LUFS separate from analog hardware calibration.
Tools And References
- dB Reference Converter — convert dBu, dBV, and Vrms.
- Audio Levels, Metering, and Headroom — the broad house reference.
- Measuring Amplifier Gain — apply voltage targets with stated limitations.
- Glossary D and Glossary V — quick definitions.