Measuring Frequency Response
Equipment: - Calibrated measurement microphone - Audio interface or USB microphone - REW or equivalent software - Reference amplifier (or use system amp with calibrated gain)
Procedure:
Background noise floor: Measure noise with everything off. Must be ≥ 20 dB below the quietest test signal. If not, reduce noise sources or increase test level.
Calibration sweep: Play a calibration signal from known flat source to verify microphone + software chain is flat.
System sweep: Play log-swept sine from 20 Hz to 20 kHz. Record simultaneously. 512k or 1M FFT points for high frequency resolution.
Averaging: 4–8 measurements averaged to reduce noise. Essential in noisy environments.
Windowing (optional): Apply 10–20 ms gate window to remove room reflections for mid/high frequencies. See Chapter 4 section 4.3.
Standards reference:
IEC 60268-5: Loudspeakers — defines measurement conditions for speaker sensitivity, frequency response, impedance.
CEA-2010: Subwoofer output measurement standard. Defines allowable THD, frequency range.